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Julius Caesar — Act III, Scene 1: Key terms

Drama: Julius Caesar · 5 min read

Checked against the CISCE 2027 syllabus. Every chapter follows the CISCE ICSE Regulations and Syllabuses, 2027 examination. Checked by Core9X, October 2026.

4.1 Word bank

Word / phraseMeaning in the scene
ides of March15 March, the day of the assassination
schedulea written paper (Artemidorus's letter)
suita request, a petition
o'erreadread over
touches us ourselfconcerns me personally (royal "we")
enterpriseundertaking, plan (the plot)
be suddenact quickly
preventionbeing stopped
be constantbe firm, keep calm
address'dready, prepared
preferpresent (a petition)
amisswrong
redressset right
puissantpowerful
couchingsbowing low
fondfoolish
spaniel-fawningflattering like a fawning dog
spurnkick away with contempt
cura worthless dog
repealingcalling back from banishment
enfranchisementrestoring of rights and freedom
firmamentthe sky
apprehensiveable to understand (also: fearful)
unassailablethat cannot be attacked or shaken
Olympusthe mountain home of the Greek gods
bootlessuselessly
confoundedconfused, shocked
mutinyuproar, riot
abridgedcut short
besmearsmear all over
basispedestal (of Pompey's statue)
prostratelying face down
vouchsafegrant, allow
resolvedtold clearly, satisfied
misgivingdoubt, fear
rankswollen, diseased (needing to be "let blood")
aptready
leadenmade of lead; blunt, harmless
dignitieshigh offices, positions of power
conceitjudge, think of
bay'dcornered (as a hunted deer)
harta male deer (pun on "heart")
lethedeath; here, life-blood
compactagreement
prick'dmarked down on a list
pulpitraised platform for public speaking
cumberburden, trouble
quarter'dcut into pieces
fellcruel, deadly
Ategoddess of discord and revenge
havocthe signal for merciless slaughter
carrionrotting dead bodies
seven leaguesabout 21 miles (a league is about three miles)

4.2 Phrases and expressions

ExpressionMeaning
"Speak, hands, for me!"Let my actions (stabbing) speak, not words.
"Et tu, Brute?""You too, Brutus?" — a cry of betrayal.
"ambition's debt is paid"Caesar's ambition has been punished by death.
"Though last, not least in love"Mentioned last but loved no less.
"on such slippery ground"in a doubtful, dangerous position.
"let slip the dogs of war"release the full horrors of war.
"a dangerous Rome"Rome is not safe for Octavius.

4.3 Figures of speech in the scene

LineFigure of speech
"constant as the northern star"simile; also hyperbole (self-glorification)
"wilt thou lift up Olympus?"metaphor / hyperbole (rhetorical question)
"Speak, hands, for me!"apostrophe; personification of hands
"O mighty Caesar! dost thou lie so low?"apostrophe; rhetorical question
"conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils"accumulation (listing)
"Here wast thou bay'd, brave hart"metaphor (hunting imagery); pun on hart/heart
"As fire drives out fire, so pity pity"simile; antithesis
"thou bleeding piece of earth"metaphor (body as earth)
"Cry 'Havoc,' and let slip the dogs of war"metaphor; personification of Caesar's spirit
"How many ages hence / Shall this our lofty scene be acted over"dramatic irony