MBOSE Class X Science
Live now13 chapters · SSLC papers 2020–2026, solved
Chapters
Chapter 1 · Chemical Reactions and Equations
Study this chapterHow to write and balance chemical equations, the main kinds of chemical reactions, and why iron rusts and oily food goes stale.
- Chemical equations and how to balance them, the types of chemical reactions, oxidation and reduction, and corrosion and rancidity — the whole of this NCERT chapter
Chapter 2 · Acids, Bases and Salts
Study this chapterWhat makes a substance acidic or basic, how the pH scale measures this, and how useful salts like baking soda and bleaching powder are made.
- Indicators
- Reactions of acids and bases
- H⁺ and OH⁻ ions
- Strength and pH
- Importance of pH
- Salts and their pH
- Chemicals from common salt (NaOH, bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda)
- Water of crystallisation
- Plaster of Paris
Chapter 3 · Metals and Non-metals
Study this chapterHow metals and non-metals differ, how metals are taken out of their ores and purified, and how we protect them from corrosion.
- Physical and chemical properties of metals and non-metals
- Reactivity series
- Ionic compounds and their properties
- Occurrence and extraction of metals
- Refining
- Corrosion and its prevention
- Alloys
Chapter 4 · Carbon and its Compounds
Study this chapterWhy carbon forms so many compounds, how they are named and how they react, and how soaps and detergents clean dirt away.
- Covalent bonding
- Allotropes of carbon
- Versatile nature of carbon
- Saturated and unsaturated compounds
- Chains, branches, rings
- Functional groups
- Homologous series
- Nomenclature
- Combustion, oxidation, addition and substitution
- Ethanol and ethanoic acid
- Soaps and detergents
Chapter 5 · Life Processes
Study this chapterHow living things get food, release energy, move materials around their bodies and get rid of wastes, with a close look at human organs.
- Life processes
- Nutrition (autotrophic and heterotrophic; human digestion)
- Respiration (aerobic and anaerobic; human respiratory system)
- Transportation (human heart, blood vessels, blood, lymph; xylem and phloem in plants)
- Excretion (human excretory system, nephron, dialysis; excretion in plants)
Chapter 6 · Control and Coordination
Study this chapterHow the nervous system and hormones help animals respond to the world, and how plants sense and react to light, gravity and touch.
- Animals — nervous system (neuron, synapse, reflex action, human brain, protection, how nervous tissue causes action)
- Coordination in plants (immediate response, growth movements, tropisms, plant hormones)
- Hormones in animals (endocrine glands, feedback mechanism)
Chapter 7 · How do Organisms Reproduce?
Study this chapterThe different ways living things make more of their kind, from simple splitting and budding to sexual reproduction in flowering plants and humans.
- Why organisms reproduce
- DNA copying and variation
- Asexual modes (fission, fragmentation, regeneration, budding, vegetative propagation, spore formation)
- Sexual reproduction in flowering plants
- Human reproduction (puberty, male and female systems, menstruation, reproductive health)
Chapter 8 · Heredity
Study this chapterHow traits pass from parents to children, what Mendel's pea experiments revealed, and how a baby's sex is decided.
- Accumulation of variation during reproduction
- Heredity — inherited traits, Mendel's experiments (monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, dominant and recessive traits, independent inheritance), how traits are expressed, sex determination in human beings
Chapter 13 · Our Environment
Study this chapterHow energy flows through food chains, how harmful chemicals build up along them, and why the ozone layer and waste management matter.
- Ecosystem and its components
- Producers, consumers and decomposers
- Food chains and food webs
- Trophic levels
- Flow of energy (10 per cent law)
- Biological magnification
- Ozone layer and its depletion
- Biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes and their management
Chapter 9 · Light – Reflection and Refraction
Study this chapterHow mirrors and lenses form images, how to draw ray diagrams, and how to use the mirror and lens formulas to locate images.
- Reflection
- Spherical mirrors (terms, image formation, ray diagrams, uses, sign convention, mirror formula, magnification)
- Refraction (glass slab, laws, refractive index)
- Spherical lenses (terms, image formation, ray diagrams, sign convention, lens formula, magnification, power)
Chapter 10 · The Human Eye and the Colourful World
Study this chapterHow the eye focuses, how common vision defects are corrected, and why we see rainbows, twinkling stars and a blue sky.
- The human eye
- Power of accommodation
- Defects of vision (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia) and their correction
- Refraction through a prism
- Dispersion
- Rainbow
- Atmospheric refraction (twinkling, advance sunrise and delayed sunset)
- Scattering of light (Tyndall effect, blue sky)
Chapter 11 · Electricity
Study this chapterWhat electric current, voltage and resistance are, how Ohm's law links them, and how to work out power and the energy your home uses.
- Electric current and circuit
- Potential difference
- Circuit diagrams
- Ohm's law
- Resistance and the factors it depends on
- Resistivity
- Resistors in series and parallel
- Heating effect of current and its applications
- Electric power
- Commercial unit of energy
Chapter 12 · Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
Study this chapterHow an electric current creates a magnetic field, how this makes motors possible, and how wiring at home is kept safe with earthing and fuses.
- Magnetic field and field lines
- Field due to a straight conductor, a circular loop and a solenoid
- Right-hand thumb rule
- Electromagnet
- Force on a current-carrying conductor
- Fleming's left-hand rule
- Domestic electric circuits, earthing, fuse, short circuit and overloading